The psychological effects of overcrowding are interlinked with social effects. Individuals learn that they are expected to accept the ways of the group and/or society they belong to. Gabe, Jonathan, and Williams, Paul (1986). Shami, Seteney (1996). For example, Arroub Camp, south of Bethlehem, has a committee of 17 'old people' which solves problems and conflicts between people. Hotline: 0915-885-558 (8h - 21h) To elaborate on the first point, the physical structures of the homes, with additions built hastily with no adherence to building safety codes, pose a safety risk. Anna Bellisari, a health researcher who writes about the health risks of water shortage in the West Bank and Gaza, explains that: Water shortages and pollution, especially in vastly overcrowded camps, are classic preconditions for infections such as viral, bacterial, fungal, and parasitic diseases, either waterborne or associated with poor public sanitation and personal hygiene (Bellisari 1994:59). persistent classroom overcrowding is an example of social In the West Bank, all except six camps have centres for disabled residents of the camp. Several studies suggest that illnesses such as whooping cough, polio, diarrhoea, malaria, meningitis, acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI), influenza, hepatitis A, hepatitis B, helminth diseases, stunting, chronic diseases, and stress may be related to crowding (Bradley, et al. Human crowdedness or density in the West Bank and Gaza is most acute in the Gaza refugee camps (Heiberg 1993:86). persistent classroom overcrowding is an example of social. is a 'push factor' in the decisions leading to girls' early marriage (before the age of 18) which, in turn, leads to serious health and social ramifications for women. At the individual level, frustration is experienced because, typically, the refugee camp resident: is living in overcrowded housing and in an overcrowded camp; cannot afford, or is unable because of lack of space, to build an extension to the dwelling structure; does not have sufficient employment which would enable them to opt for any of the above in the near future; is a member of a growing family with increasing expenses and decreasing resources and space for housing; is faced with a situation whereby the conditions which would enable him/her to change their situation are themselves jeopardized by the effects of overcrowding (which include increased frustration level; decreased ability to concentrate on schooling or training; increasing expenses because of greater health risks). The higher number of susceptible individuals per family is a risk factor for mortality. The result is that children and adults living in crowded conditions get more infections and more severe infections. View Homework Help - aly.worksheet1.docx from SOC MISC at Cincinnati State Technical and Community College. persistent classroom overcrowding is an example of social The social and psychological effects of overcrowding: The social and psychological effects of overcrowding can be summarized as follows: Health effects: Overcrowding poses serious direct and indirect health risks to all segments of the population, particularly the elderly, young children, and the disabled: Health risks are measured by more specific household level indicators including: While most dwellings in refugee camps comprise either a nuclear or extended family, building level indicators are useful when the extended family comprises several nuclear families in adjoining buildings.
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