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But Russia's Baltic Fleet checked the Royal Swedish navy in the tied Battle of Hogland (July 1788), and the Swedish army failed to advance. The emergence of these assignation roubles was necessary due to large government spending on military needs, which led to a shortage of silver in the treasury (transactions, especially in foreign trade, were conducted almost exclusively in silver and gold coins). For all her achievements, Catherine is often remembered for the multitude of salacious and slanderous rumours attached to her name, none more famous than the one surrounding her death. How Did Catherine the Great's Husband Die - Did Catherine the Great The endowments were often much less than the original intended amount. Grigory Orlov and his other three brothers found themselves rewarded with titles, money, swords, and other gifts, but Catherine did not marry Grigory, who proved inept at politics and useless when asked for advice. How did Catherine the Great really die? | Sky HISTORY TV Channel Jaques says that Catherine initially started collecting art as a political calculation aimed at legitimizing her status as a Westernized monarch. She worked as a maid for most of her childhood and remained illiterate throughout her life. [43] In 1762, he unilaterally abrogated the Treaty of Kyakhta, which governed the caravan trade between the two empires. The ultimate goal for the Russian government, however, was to topple the anti-Russian shah (king), and to replace him with a half-brother, Morteza Qoli Khan, who had defected to Russia and was therefore pro-Russian. But the actual story of the monarchs death is far simpler: On November 16, 1796, the 67-year-old empress suffered a stroke and fell into a coma. Her mother's opposition to this practice brought her the empress's disfavour. The commission studied the reform projects previously installed by I.I. [125] Some of these men loved her in return, and she always showed generosity towards them, even after the affair ended. She had no intention of marrying him, having already given birth to Orlov's child and to the Grand Duke Paul by then. Mourning dress is to be worn for six months, and no longer: the shorter the better. We will remember him forever. Converted Jews could gain permission to enter the merchant class and farm as free peasants under Russian rule. Catherine the Great was Russia's longest-serving female leader. [58] Some serfs were able to use their new status to their advantage. She recruited the scientists Leonhard Euler and Peter Simon Pallas from Berlin and Anders Johan Lexell from Sweden to the Russian capital. The monarch was succeeded by her son,. In 1786, she assimilated the Islamic schools into the Russian public school system under government regulation. "Catherine II and the Socio-Economic Origins of the Jewish Question in Russia", This page was last edited on 3 March 2023, at 14:56. Catherine began issuing codes to address some of the modernisation trends suggested in her Nakaz. Assisted by highly successful generals such as Alexander Suvorov and Pyotr Rumyantsev, and admirals such as Samuel Greig and Fyodor Ushakov, she governed at a time when the Russian Empire was expanding rapidly by conquest and diplomacy. . Because Russia under her rule grew strong enough to threaten the other great powers, and because she was in fact a harsh and unscrupulous ruler, she figured in the Western imagination as the incarnation of the immense .